02. Anatomy and Physiology of Stroke
Learning Objective:
2.1 Describes the neuroanatomy and pathophysiology of stroke, including:
- the different types of stroke and their clinical presentation
- the cerebral vascular system
- the organization of the brain’s functions and the associated clinical presentations of right and left hemispheric strokes
Suggested Learning Resources:
Optional Learning Resources:
Apex Innovations (2013). Canadian Hemispheres™ Stroke Competency Series. Level 1 & 2 (Requires paid subscription)
Stars Core Competencies Module 1, 2 & 5
Suggested Evaluation Methods:
Successful completion SWO Acute Stroke Orientation Module 1 Quiz.
OR
Successful completion of Canadian Hemispheres Level 1 &2 Quizzes (Requires Paid Subscription)
OR
Successful completion of Case Studies from Stars Competency 1, 2 & 5
Learning Objective:
2.2 Describes the sudden and new onset of the signs and symptoms of stroke as a medical emergency.
Suggested Learning Resources:
SWO Acute Stroke Unit Orientation Module 3
Suggested Evaluation Methods:
Successful completion of SWO Acute Stroke Unit Orientation Module 3 & quiz.
Learning Objective:
2.3 Describes the clinical presentation and risks associated with transient ischemic attacks and their relationship to stroke.
Suggested Learning Resources:
Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada, Understanding Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA)
Optional Learning Resources:
Management and outcomes of transient ischemic attacks in Ontario
Canadian Stroke Best Practice Recommendations, TIA and Non-Disabling Stroke
Suggested Evaluation Methods:
List signs & symptoms of TIA/ Stroke.
Identify locations of urgent TIA /Stroke Prevention Clinic in your region.
Learning Objective:
2.4 Differentiates the penumbra and its significance to functional recovery and factors that influence this area including the impact on neurological presentation.
Suggested Learning Resources:
Targeting the Ischemic Penumbra
SWO Stroke Network: Acute Stroke Orientation Module 3
Optional Learning Resources:
Suggested Evaluation Methods:
Provide a brief written summary of your understanding of the penumbra and its significance to timely intervention.
Learning Objective:
2.5 Discusses the rationale for the diagnostic tests used in the assessment and management of stroke and incorporates results as appropriate into the plan of care.
Suggested Learning Resources:
SWO Acute Stroke Orientation Module 4
Suggested Evaluation Methods:
Successful completion of SWO Acute Stroke Orientation Module 4 & quiz.
Review a care plan for an acute stroke client including Pre-Printed Orders (PPO) or order set.
Learning Objective:
2.6 Summarizes discipline-specific standardized assessment tools, and demonstrates the ability to administer the appropriate tools to systematically assess the stroke survivor.
Suggested Learning Resources:
Canadian Stroke Best Practices Screening and Assessment Tools for Acute Stroke Severity
Canadian Stroke Best Practice Recommendations Stroke Rehabilitation Screening and Assessment Tools
Suggested Evaluation Methods:
Identify nursing role with respect to screening/assessment tools being used in your facility.
Create List of Assessments commonly conducted by nurses working in stroke.
Learning Objective:
2.7 Discusses the pathophysiology, clinical presentation and management of secondary stroke complications including
- Hemorrhagic transformation
- Reperfusion injury
- Increased intracranial pressure
- Cerebral edema
- Seizures
- Recurrent Stroke
Suggested Learning Resources:
Inpatient Prevention and Management of Complications following Stroke
SWO Acute Stroke Orientation Module 2
Optional Learning Resources:
Apex Innovations (2013). Canadian Hemispheres™ Stroke Competency Series Level 4 and 5. (Requires Paid Subscription)
Medical Complications of Stroke (Requires Paid Subscription)
Suggested Evaluation Methods:
Succcessful completion of SWO Acute Stroke Orientation module 2 quiz
OR
Successful completion Canadian Hemispheres Level 4 & 5 and quizzes (Requires paid subscription)
Learning Objective:
2.8 Describes the basic pharmacological management of stroke.
Suggested Learning Resources:
SWO Acute Stroke Orientation Module 8
Optional Learning Resources:
Suggested Evaluation Methods:
Successful completion of SWO Acute Stroke Orientation Module 8 Quiz.